![]() Pharm Res 25(11):2685–2696īehar-Cohen FF, El Aouni A, Gautier S, Daivd G, Davis S, Chapon P, Parel JM (2002) Transscleral coulomb-controlled iontophoresis of methylprednisolone into the rabbit eye: influence of duration of treatment, current intensity and drug concentration on ocular tissue and fluid levels. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 58:1274–1325īalachandran RK, Barocas VH (2008) Computer modeling of drug delivery to the posterior eye: effect of active transport and loss to choroidal blood flow. Med Eng Phys 34(6):681–692Īrifin Y, Lee LY, Wang CH (2006) Mathematical modeling and simulation of drug release from microspheres: implications to drug delivery systems. In a bridging section, discussion on the combined heat and mass transfer processes involved in the TTT-based convection-assisted drug diffusion to the retina through the vitreous humor is also provided.Ībouali O, Modareszadeh A, Ghaffariyeh A, Tu J (2012) Numerical simulation of the fluid dynamics in vitreous cavity due to saccadic eye movement. This chapter focuses on the exposition of heat transfer processes that drive laser surgical methods and the mass transfer processes that govern drug delivery methods to the retina. Drug delivery inside the eye is an important man-made mass transfer process that includes the intravitreous and transscleral routes to medicate the retina. ![]() Heat transfer processes in the eye comprise the continuous evaporation of the tear layer coating the corneal region of a normal eye, the thermal massage across the pupils called the transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT), and the several methods of internal tissue ablation involving lasers. The eye is sensitive to the environment because of the absence of blood flow through parts such as cornea and lens, and the absence of thermal sensors and protective reflexes beyond blinking. The subfield of heat and mass transfer in the human eye provides the context for understanding the functions of the eye and to develop protective, diagnostic, and therapeutic processes. ![]() Heat and mass transport processes in humans occur at cellular, tissue, organ, and whole-body levels.
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